[PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Patrick Rudolph]

The clang toolchain might default to fPIE/fPIC, which prevents
lld from linking the objects into a binary.

Specify -fno-pie -fno-pic as done on GCC to fix linking.

Test:
Building the Universal Payload using the command
'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' actually
works.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4356
---
 BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
index 471eb67c0c..9b59bd75c3 100755
--- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
+++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
@@ -2888,7 +2888,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_DLINK2_FLAGS        = -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0x22
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_RC_PATH              = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_PREFIX)llvm-rc
 
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_ASLCC_FLAGS          = DEF(GCC_ASLCC_FLAGS) -m32 -fno-lto DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET)
-*_CLANGDWARF_IA32_ASLDLINK_FLAGS       = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS) -Wl,-m,elf_i386 -fuse-ld=lld
+*_CLANGDWARF_IA32_ASLDLINK_FLAGS       = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS) -Wl,-m,elf_i386 -fuse-ld=lld -no-pie
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_ASM_FLAGS            = DEF(GCC5_ASM_FLAGS) -m32 -march=i386 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET)
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_RC_FLAGS             = DEF(GCC_IA32_RC_FLAGS)
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_OBJCOPY_FLAGS        =
@@ -2897,17 +2897,17 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_DLINK2_FLAGS        = -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0x22
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_ASLPP_FLAGS          = DEF(GCC_ASLPP_FLAGS) DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET)
 *_CLANGDWARF_IA32_VFRPP_FLAGS          = DEF(GCC_VFRPP_FLAGS) DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET)
 
-DEBUG_CLANGDWARF_IA32_CC_FLAGS         = DEF(CLANG38_ALL_CC_FLAGS) -m32 -Oz -flto -march=i586 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET) -g -malign-double
+DEBUG_CLANGDWARF_IA32_CC_FLAGS         = DEF(CLANG38_ALL_CC_FLAGS) -fno-pic -fno-pie -m32 -Oz -flto -march=i586 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET) -g -malign-double
 DEBUG_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK_FLAGS      = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS) -flto -Wl,-O3 -Wl,-melf_i386 -Wl,--oformat,elf32-i386
-DEBUG_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS     = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS) -O3 -fuse-ld=lld
+DEBUG_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS     = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS) -O3 -fuse-ld=lld -no-pie
 
-RELEASE_CLANGDWARF_IA32_CC_FLAGS       = DEF(CLANG38_ALL_CC_FLAGS) -m32 -Oz -flto -march=i586 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET) -malign-double
+RELEASE_CLANGDWARF_IA32_CC_FLAGS       = DEF(CLANG38_ALL_CC_FLAGS) -fno-pic -fno-pie -m32 -Oz -flto -march=i586 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET) -malign-double
 RELEASE_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK_FLAGS    = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS) -flto -Wl,-O3 -Wl,-melf_i386 -Wl,--oformat,elf32-i386
-RELEASE_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS   = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS) -O3 -fuse-ld=lld
+RELEASE_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS   = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS) -O3 -fuse-ld=lld -no-pie
 
-NOOPT_CLANGDWARF_IA32_CC_FLAGS         = DEF(CLANG38_ALL_CC_FLAGS) -m32 -O0 -march=i586 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET) -g -malign-double
+NOOPT_CLANGDWARF_IA32_CC_FLAGS         = DEF(CLANG38_ALL_CC_FLAGS) -fno-pic -fno-pie -m32 -O0 -march=i586 DEF(CLANG38_IA32_TARGET) -g -malign-double
 NOOPT_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK_FLAGS      = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS) -Wl,-O0 -Wl,-melf_i386 -Wl,--oformat,elf32-i386
-NOOPT_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS     = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS) -O0 -fuse-ld=lld
+NOOPT_CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS     = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_DLINK2_FLAGS) -O0 -fuse-ld=lld -no-pie
 
 ##########################
 # CLANGDWARF X64 definitions
-- 
2.39.1

[PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Patrick Rudolph]

Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
behaviour.

With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
crashes.

Test:
The ELF generated by
'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
---
 BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
--- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
+++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
@@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX        = ENV(CLANG_BIN)
 
 # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the same IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
 # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the same GccBase.lds script.
-DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
+DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
 DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     = -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
 DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0 DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u ReferenceAcpiTable
 DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    = DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
-- 
2.39.1

[PATCH 3/3] ShellPkg/TftpDynamicCommand.inf: Add missing DEPEX

[Patrick Rudolph]

Add protocol gEfiHiiPackageListProtocolGuid to DEPEX
to make sure it's present before using it.

Fixes ASSERTION seen on DEBUG build.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
---
 ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf b/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
index b0c8e8f84b..d0d849a1eb 100644
--- a/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
+++ b/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
@@ -57,4 +57,4 @@
   gEfiShellDynamicCommandProtocolGuid            ## PRODUCES
 
 [DEPEX]
-  TRUE
+  gEfiHiiPackageListProtocolGuid
-- 
2.39.1

Re: [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Sean Rhodes]

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Reviewed-by: Sean Rhodes <sean@starlabs.systems>

On Mon, 6 Mar 2023 at 08:38, Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
wrote:

> Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
> header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
> behaviour.
>
> With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
> the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
> level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
> crashes.
>
> Test:
> The ELF generated by
> 'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.
>
> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
> Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
> ---
>  BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
> --- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> +++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> @@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX        = ENV(CLANG_BIN)
>
>  # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the same
> IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
>  # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the
> same GccBase.lds script.
> -DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
> +DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     =
> -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS =
> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0
> DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u
> ReferenceAcpiTable
>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    =
> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u
> $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT)
> -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
> --
> 2.39.1
>
>

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Re: [PATCH 3/3] ShellPkg/TftpDynamicCommand.inf: Add missing DEPEX

[Sean Rhodes]

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Reviewed-by: Sean Rhodes <sean@starlabs.systems>

On Mon, 6 Mar 2023 at 08:38, Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
wrote:

> Add protocol gEfiHiiPackageListProtocolGuid to DEPEX
> to make sure it's present before using it.
>
> Fixes ASSERTION seen on DEBUG build.
>
> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
> ---
>  ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf | 2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git
> a/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
> b/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
> index b0c8e8f84b..d0d849a1eb 100644
> --- a/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
> +++ b/ShellPkg/DynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand/TftpDynamicCommand.inf
> @@ -57,4 +57,4 @@
>    gEfiShellDynamicCommandProtocolGuid            ## PRODUCES
>
>  [DEPEX]
> -  TRUE
> +  gEfiHiiPackageListProtocolGuid
> --
> 2.39.1
>
>

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Sheng Lean Tan]

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Hi all,
Can someone please help to review this?
Thanks.

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Sheng Lean Tan]

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I think the right reviewer was not added.
Added them.

On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 17:46, Sheng Lean Tan via groups.io <sheng.tan=
9elements.com@groups.io> wrote:

> Hi all,
> Can someone please help to review this?
> Thanks.
> 
>
>

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Sheng Lean Tan]

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adding the right reviewers.

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 3/3] ShellPkg/TftpDynamicCommand.inf: Add missing DEPEX

[Sheng Lean Tan]

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Added Zhichao.

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Marvin Häuser]

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Hi,

Why does the title mention X64? From what I can see, PIE is unaffected for X64 (and we really want it to be).

Best regards,
Marvin

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Ard Biesheuvel]

On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 23:16, Marvin Häuser <mhaeuser@posteo.de> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> Why does the title mention X64? From what I can see, PIE is unaffected for X64 (and we really want it to be).
>

Why?

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Marvin Häuser]

> On 15. Mar 2023, at 23:51, Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> wrote:
> 
> On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 23:16, Marvin Häuser <mhaeuser@posteo.de> wrote:
>> 
>> Hi,
>> 
>> Why does the title mention X64? From what I can see, PIE is unaffected for X64 (and we really want it to be).
>> 
> 
> Why?

Why what? By “PIE is unaffected for X64” I meant by the patch (which only changes IA32 macros, no?). I can also see how the last part is a bit ambiguous, but I meant it literally - we really want X64 to be [unaffected] (which it is, by the patch, but the title implies otherwise, doesn’t it?).

Best regards,
Marvin

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Ard Biesheuvel]

On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 23:57, Marvin Häuser <mhaeuser@posteo.de> wrote:
>
>
> > On 15. Mar 2023, at 23:51, Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 23:16, Marvin Häuser <mhaeuser@posteo.de> wrote:
> >>
> >> Hi,
> >>
> >> Why does the title mention X64? From what I can see, PIE is unaffected for X64 (and we really want it to be).
> >>
> >
> > Why?
>
> Why what? By “PIE is unaffected for X64” I meant by the patch (which only changes IA32 macros, no?). I can also see how the last part is a bit ambiguous, but I meant it literally - we really want X64 to be [unaffected] (which it is, by the patch, but the title implies otherwise, doesn’t it?).
>

OK, i got confused. Thanks for clearing that up for me :-)

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 3/3] ShellPkg/TftpDynamicCommand.inf: Add missing DEPEX

[Gao, Zhichao]

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Did you make sure the change would really fix the issue?
Just add the DEPX would only make sure the protocol is installed but not installed to the image handle. The return value would be still error code.
And the issue is still there.

The HII image related protocol should not be the MUST have for the application. Using the DEBUG ASSERT is not appropriate. I would suggest to remove the ASSERT instead.

Thanks,
Zhichao

From: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> On Behalf Of Sheng Lean Tan
Sent: Thursday, March 16, 2023 12:54 AM
To: devel@edk2.groups.io; Rudolph, Patrick <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>; Gao, Zhichao <zhichao.gao@intel.com>
Cc: Dong, Guo <guo.dong@intel.com>; Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com>; Rhodes, Sean <sean@starlabs.systems>; Lu, James <james.lu@intel.com>; Guo, Gua <gua.guo@intel.com>
Subject: Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 3/3] ShellPkg/TftpDynamicCommand.inf: Add missing DEPEX

Added Zhichao.


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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 1/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix linking using CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Patrick Rudolph]

Fixed the title.
Sorry for the confusion.

On Thu, Mar 16, 2023 at 1:05 AM Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 23:57, Marvin Häuser <mhaeuser@posteo.de> wrote:
> >
> >
> > > On 15. Mar 2023, at 23:51, Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Wed, 15 Mar 2023 at 23:16, Marvin Häuser <mhaeuser@posteo.de> wrote:
> > >>
> > >> Hi,
> > >>
> > >> Why does the title mention X64? From what I can see, PIE is unaffected for X64 (and we really want it to be).
> > >>
> > >
> > > Why?
> >
> > Why what? By “PIE is unaffected for X64” I meant by the patch (which only changes IA32 macros, no?). I can also see how the last part is a bit ambiguous, but I meant it literally - we really want X64 to be [unaffected] (which it is, by the patch, but the title implies otherwise, doesn’t it?).
> >
>
> OK, i got confused. Thanks for clearing that up for me :-)

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Sheng Lean Tan]

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Can someone also help to review this please?
Thanks.


On Fri, 17 Mar 2023 at 15:06, Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
wrote:

> Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
> header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
> behaviour.
>
> With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
> the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
> level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
> crashes.
>
> Test:
> The ELF generated by
> 'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.
>
> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
> Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
> ---
>  BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
> --- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> +++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> @@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX        = ENV(CLANG_BIN)
>
>  # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the same
> IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
>  # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the
> same GccBase.lds script.
> -DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
> +DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     =
> -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS =
> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0
> DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u
> ReferenceAcpiTable
>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    =
> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u
> $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT)
> -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
> --
> 2.39.1
>
>
>
> ------------
> Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group.
> View/Reply Online (#101341): https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/101341
> Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/97673649/6757431
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> Unsubscribe: https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub [sheng.tan@9elements.com
> ]
> ------------
>
>
>

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Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Sheng Lean Tan]

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Added @rebecca@bsdio.com <rebecca@bsdio.com> as well.


On Sun, 26 Mar 2023 at 21:39, Sheng Lean Tan via groups.io <sheng.tan=
9elements.com@groups.io> wrote:

> Can someone also help to review this please?
> Thanks.
>
>
> On Fri, 17 Mar 2023 at 15:06, Patrick Rudolph <
> patrick.rudolph@9elements.com> wrote:
>
>> Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
>> header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
>> behaviour.
>>
>> With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
>> the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
>> level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
>> crashes.
>>
>> Test:
>> The ELF generated by
>> 'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
>> Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
>> ---
>>  BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
>>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
>> --- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> +++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> @@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX        = ENV(CLANG_BIN)
>>
>>  # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the same
>> IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
>>  # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the
>> same GccBase.lds script.
>> -DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
>> +DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
>>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     =
>> -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
>>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS =
>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0
>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u
>> ReferenceAcpiTable
>>  DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    =
>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON) -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u
>> $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT)
>> -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
>> --
>> 2.39.1
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------
>> Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group.
>> View/Reply Online (#101341):
>> https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/101341
>> Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/97673649/6757431
>> Group Owner: devel+owner@edk2.groups.io
>> Unsubscribe: https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub [
>> sheng.tan@9elements.com]
>> ------------
>>
>>
>> 
>
>

[-- Attachment #2: Type: text/html, Size: 4404 bytes --]

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Marvin Häuser]

Hi all,

> On 28. Mar 2023, at 07:38, gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn> wrote:
> Patrick:
>  I prefer to override this option in DSC instead of the change in
> tools_def.txt.

A DSC override to fix *binary corruption* of an unknown cause? It is ridiculous this can even happen silently, even though it’s unclear which component is at fault.

> Normal EFI image needs to set its page size for the smaller
> image size. 
> 
>  You can see GCC DLINK option. It also sets page-size as 0x40.
> 
> DEFINE GCC49_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib -Wl,-n,-q,--gc-sections -z
> common-page-size=0x40

Side note, the correct way to do this is setting max-page-size, not common-page-size.

> 
> Thanks
> Liming
>> -----邮件原件-----
>> 发件人: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> 代表 Patrick
>> Rudolph
>> 发送时间: 2023年3月17日 22:06
>> 抄送: devel@edk2.groups.io; guo.dong@intel.com; gua.guo@intel.com;
>> james.lu@intel.com; ray.ni@intel.com; mhaeuser@posteo.de;
>> ardb@kernel.org
>> 主题: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix
>> CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64
>> 
>> Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
>> header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
>> behaviour.

That *definitely* is not a fix. Not only does this regress binary size for platforms that have tight SPI space constraints, it also only masks the issue. In the (frankly near-impossible) case the ELF header dramatically grows in size, who knows whether it can overflow again?

Sorry, but the overall description is pretty vague. Which OS / compiler version are you using? Do you have any trivial way to detect the corruption? I never really touched UefiPayloadPkg and have nothing set up to boot it to reproduce the issue.

Best regards,
Marvin

>> 
>> With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
>> the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
>> level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
>> crashes.
>> 
>> Test:
>> The ELF generated by
>> 'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.
>> 
>> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
>> Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
>> ---
>> BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
>> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>> 
>> diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
>> --- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> +++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>> @@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX        =
>> ENV(CLANG_BIN)
>> 
>> 
>> # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the same
>> IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
>> 
>> # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the
>> same GccBase.lds script.
>> 
>> -DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
>> 
>> +DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
>> 
>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     =
>> -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
>> 
>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS =
>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON)
>> -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0
>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON)
>> -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u ReferenceAcpiTable
>> 
>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    =
>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON)
>> -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT)
>> -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
>> 
>> --
>> 2.39.1
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> -=-=-=-=-=-=
>> Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group.
>> View/Reply Online (#101341):
>> https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/101341
>> Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/97673649/4905953
>> Group Owner: devel+owner@edk2.groups.io
>> Unsubscribe: https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub
>> [gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn]
>> -=-=-=-=-=-=

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Marvin Häuser]

Liming,

Platform maintainers can decide whether or not they want to combat *binary corruption*? Excuse me, but what the bloody hell? This needs a root cause analysis for which part of the stack silently borks us and not an “oh, if something fails, well, copy and paste this workaround… maybe”. If you give me an efficient way to reproduce it, I’ll do it.

Best regards,
Marvin

> On 31. Mar 2023, at 06:54, gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn> wrote:
> 
> Marvin:
> Platform developer can decide how to configure this option in their DSC file to resolve their problem. This is one option for the platform developer. 
> 
> Thanks
> Liming
>> -----邮件原件-----
>> 发件人: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> 代表 Marvin
>> H?user
>> 发送时间: 2023年3月28日 19:26
>> 收件人: gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn>
>> 抄送: devel@edk2.groups.io; patrick.rudolph@9elements.com;
>> guo.dong@intel.com; gua.guo@intel.com; james.lu@intel.com;
>> ray.ni@intel.com; ardb@kernel.org
>> 主题: Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix
>> CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64
>> 
>> Hi all,
>> 
>>>> On 28. Mar 2023, at 07:38, gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn> wrote:
>>> Patrick:
>>> I prefer to override this option in DSC instead of the change in
>>> tools_def.txt.
>> 
>> A DSC override to fix *binary corruption* of an unknown cause? It is ridiculous
>> this can even happen silently, even though it’s unclear which component is at
>> fault.
>> 
>>> Normal EFI image needs to set its page size for the smaller
>>> image size.
>>> 
>>> You can see GCC DLINK option. It also sets page-size as 0x40.
>>> 
>>> DEFINE GCC49_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>> -Wl,-n,-q,--gc-sections -z
>>> common-page-size=0x40
>> 
>> Side note, the correct way to do this is setting max-page-size, not
>> common-page-size.
>> 
>>> 
>>> Thanks
>>> Liming
>>>> -----邮件原件-----
>>>> 发件人: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> 代表 Patrick
>>>> Rudolph
>>>> 发送时间: 2023年3月17日 22:06
>>>> 抄送: devel@edk2.groups.io; guo.dong@intel.com; gua.guo@intel.com;
>>>> james.lu@intel.com; ray.ni@intel.com; mhaeuser@posteo.de;
>>>> ardb@kernel.org
>>>> 主题: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix
>>>> CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64
>>>> 
>>>> Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
>>>> header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
>>>> behaviour.
>> 
>> That *definitely* is not a fix. Not only does this regress binary size for
>> platforms that have tight SPI space constraints, it also only masks the issue. In
>> the (frankly near-impossible) case the ELF header dramatically grows in size,
>> who knows whether it can overflow again?
>> 
>> Sorry, but the overall description is pretty vague. Which OS / compiler version
>> are you using? Do you have any trivial way to detect the corruption? I never
>> really touched UefiPayloadPkg and have nothing set up to boot it to reproduce
>> the issue.
>> 
>> Best regards,
>> Marvin
>> 
>>>> 
>>>> With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
>>>> the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
>>>> level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
>>>> crashes.
>>>> 
>>>> Test:
>>>> The ELF generated by
>>>> 'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.
>>>> 
>>>> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
>>>> Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
>>>> ---
>>>> BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
>>>> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>>>> 
>>>> diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>>>> b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>>>> index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
>>>> --- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>>>> +++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
>>>> @@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX        =
>>>> ENV(CLANG_BIN)
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the same
>>>> IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
>>>> 
>>>> # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the
>>>> same GccBase.lds script.
>>>> 
>>>> -DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>>>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
>>>> 
>>>> +DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
>>>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
>>>> 
>>>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     =
>>>> -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
>>>> 
>>>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS =
>>>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON)
>>>> -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0
>>>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON)
>>>> -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u ReferenceAcpiTable
>>>> 
>>>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    =
>>>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON)
>>>> -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT)
>>>> -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
>>>> 
>>>> --
>>>> 2.39.1
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> -=-=-=-=-=-=
>>>> Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group.
>>>> View/Reply Online (#101341):
>>>> https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/101341
>>>> Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/97673649/4905953
>>>> Group Owner: devel+owner@edk2.groups.io
>>>> Unsubscribe: https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub
>>>> [gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn]
>>>> -=-=-=-=-=-=
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
> 
> 
> 

Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64

[Patrick Rudolph]

Hi,
I cannot reproduce the issue on my setup. Please ignore it for now.

Regards,
Patrick Rudolph

On Mon, Apr 3, 2023 at 2:52 AM gaoliming via groups.io
<gaoliming=byosoft.com.cn@groups.io> wrote:
>
> Patrick:
>   Can you give the reproduce step to generate ELF image that doesn't work with the option max-page-size?
>
> > -----邮件原件-----
> > 发件人: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> 代表 Marvin
> > H?user
> > 发送时间: 2023年3月31日 18:58
> > 收件人: gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn>
> > 抄送: devel@edk2.groups.io; patrick.rudolph@9elements.com;
> > guo.dong@intel.com; gua.guo@intel.com; james.lu@intel.com;
> > ray.ni@intel.com; ardb@kernel.org
> > 主题: Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix
> > CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64
> >
> > Liming,
> >
> > Platform maintainers can decide whether or not they want to combat *binary
> > corruption*? Excuse me, but what the bloody hell? This needs a root cause
> > analysis for which part of the stack silently borks us and not an “oh, if
> > something fails, well, copy and paste this workaround… maybe”. If you give
> > me an efficient way to reproduce it, I’ll do it.
> >
> > Best regards,
> > Marvin
> >
> > > On 31. Mar 2023, at 06:54, gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn> wrote:
> > >
> > > Marvin:
> > > Platform developer can decide how to configure this option in their DSC file
> > to resolve their problem. This is one option for the platform developer.
> > >
> > > Thanks
> > > Liming
> > >> -----邮件原件-----
> > >> 发件人: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> 代表 Marvin
> > >> H?user
> > >> 发送时间: 2023年3月28日 19:26
> > >> 收件人: gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn>
> > >> 抄送: devel@edk2.groups.io; patrick.rudolph@9elements.com;
> > >> guo.dong@intel.com; gua.guo@intel.com; james.lu@intel.com;
> > >> ray.ni@intel.com; ardb@kernel.org
> > >> 主题: Re: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix
> > >> CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64
> > >>
> > >> Hi all,
> > >>
> > >>>> On 28. Mar 2023, at 07:38, gaoliming <gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn>
> > wrote:
> > >>> Patrick:
> > >>> I prefer to override this option in DSC instead of the change in
> > >>> tools_def.txt.
> > >>
> > >> A DSC override to fix *binary corruption* of an unknown cause? It is
> > ridiculous
> > >> this can even happen silently, even though it’s unclear which component
> > is at
> > >> fault.
> > >>
> > >>> Normal EFI image needs to set its page size for the smaller
> > >>> image size.
> > >>>
> > >>> You can see GCC DLINK option. It also sets page-size as 0x40.
> > >>>
> > >>> DEFINE GCC49_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
> > >> -Wl,-n,-q,--gc-sections -z
> > >>> common-page-size=0x40
> > >>
> > >> Side note, the correct way to do this is setting max-page-size, not
> > >> common-page-size.
> > >>
> > >>>
> > >>> Thanks
> > >>> Liming
> > >>>> -----邮件原件-----
> > >>>> 发件人: devel@edk2.groups.io <devel@edk2.groups.io> 代表 Patrick
> > >>>> Rudolph
> > >>>> 发送时间: 2023年3月17日 22:06
> > >>>> 抄送: devel@edk2.groups.io; guo.dong@intel.com;
> > gua.guo@intel.com;
> > >>>> james.lu@intel.com; ray.ni@intel.com; mhaeuser@posteo.de;
> > >>>> ardb@kernel.org
> > >>>> 主题: [edk2-devel] [PATCH 2/3] BaseTools/Conf/tools_def: Fix
> > >>>> CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64
> > >>>>
> > >>>> Drop the "-z max-page-size=0x40" option as it causes the ELF
> > >>>> header to overflow into the .text section, causing undefined
> > >>>> behaviour.
> > >>
> > >> That *definitely* is not a fix. Not only does this regress binary size for
> > >> platforms that have tight SPI space constraints, it also only masks the issue.
> > In
> > >> the (frankly near-impossible) case the ELF header dramatically grows in
> > size,
> > >> who knows whether it can overflow again?
> > >>
> > >> Sorry, but the overall description is pretty vague. Which OS / compiler
> > version
> > >> are you using? Do you have any trivial way to detect the corruption? I
> > never
> > >> really touched UefiPayloadPkg and have nothing set up to boot it to
> > reproduce
> > >> the issue.
> > >>
> > >> Best regards,
> > >> Marvin
> > >>
> > >>>>
> > >>>> With high optimization level it corrupts essential code and
> > >>>> the binary would crash. It might work with low optimization
> > >>>> level though. As the default is to use Oz and LTO, it always
> > >>>> crashes.
> > >>>>
> > >>>> Test:
> > >>>> The ELF generated by
> > >>>> 'python UefiPayloadPkg/UniversalPayloadBuild.py -a IA32' boots.
> > >>>>
> > >>>> Signed-off-by: Patrick Rudolph <patrick.rudolph@9elements.com>
> > >>>> Ref: https://bugzilla.tianocore.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4357
> > >>>> ---
> > >>>> BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template | 2 +-
> > >>>> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
> > >>>>
> > >>>> diff --git a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> > >>>> b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> > >>>> index 9b59bd75c3..0c584ab390 100755
> > >>>> --- a/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> > >>>> +++ b/BaseTools/Conf/tools_def.template
> > >>>> @@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ DEFINE CLANGDWARF_X64_PREFIX
> > =
> > >>>> ENV(CLANG_BIN)
> > >>>>
> > >>>>
> > >>>> # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support -n link option. So, it can't share the
> > same
> > >>>> IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON flag.
> > >>>>
> > >>>> # LLVM/CLANG doesn't support common page size. So, it can't share the
> > >>>> same GccBase.lds script.
> > >>>>
> > >>>> -DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
> > >>>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections -z max-page-size=0x40
> > >>>>
> > >>>> +DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON   = -nostdlib
> > >>>> -Wl,-q,--gc-sections
> > >>>>
> > >>>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON     =
> > >>>> -Wl,--script=$(EDK_TOOLS_PATH)/Scripts/ClangBase.lds
> > >>>>
> > >>>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_ASLDLINK_FLAGS =
> > >>>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON)
> > >>>> -Wl,--defsym=PECOFF_HEADER_SIZE=0
> > >>>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_DLINK2_FLAGS_COMMON)
> > >>>> -Wl,--entry,ReferenceAcpiTable -u ReferenceAcpiTable
> > >>>>
> > >>>> DEFINE CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_FLAGS    =
> > >>>> DEF(CLANGDWARF_IA32_X64_DLINK_COMMON)
> > >>>> -Wl,--entry,$(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT) -u $(IMAGE_ENTRY_POINT)
> > >>>> -Wl,-Map,$(DEST_DIR_DEBUG)/$(BASE_NAME).map,--whole-archive
> > >>>>
> > >>>> --
> > >>>> 2.39.1
> > >>>>
> > >>>>
> > >>>>
> > >>>> -=-=-=-=-=-=
> > >>>> Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group.
> > >>>> View/Reply Online (#101341):
> > >>>> https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/101341
> > >>>> Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/97673649/4905953
> > >>>> Group Owner: devel+owner@edk2.groups.io
> > >>>> Unsubscribe: https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub
> > >>>> [gaoliming@byosoft.com.cn]
> > >>>> -=-=-=-=-=-=
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>
>
> 
>
>