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arWlcYqHfsGw+csJWcOhnF6a8WqoNr0In37ZhsjFtI98uewxw8Dqc4LyGDVGFLtOSWWfMzl9rgEKWLflS9z0lr3PKRd6mEcAxHw9o1s3snU= X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: MN6PR11MB8104 X-OriginatorOrg: intel.com Precedence: Bulk List-Subscribe: List-Help: Sender: devel@edk2.groups.io List-Id: Mailing-List: list devel@edk2.groups.io; contact devel+owner@edk2.groups.io Resent-Date: Tue, 04 Jun 2024 18:08:01 -0700 Resent-From: michael.d.kinney@intel.com Reply-To: devel@edk2.groups.io,michael.d.kinney@intel.com List-Unsubscribe-Post: List-Unsubscribe=One-Click List-Unsubscribe: X-Gm-Message-State: VEFMxkSfpuJW8DFc1ShLm0Csx7686176AA= Content-Language: en-US Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="_004_CO1PR11MB49293F6F3656FC613FFAD0DCD2F92CO1PR11MB4929namp_"; type="multipart/alternative" X-GND-Status: LEGIT Authentication-Results: spool.mail.gandi.net; dkim=pass header.d=groups.io header.s=20240206 header.b=IO+PcfT7; spf=pass (spool.mail.gandi.net: domain of bounce@groups.io designates 45.79.224.7 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=bounce@groups.io; dmarc=fail reason="SPF not aligned (relaxed), DKIM not aligned (relaxed)" header.from=intel.com (policy=none) --_004_CO1PR11MB49293F6F3656FC613FFAD0DCD2F92CO1PR11MB4929namp_ Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_CO1PR11MB49293F6F3656FC613FFAD0DCD2F92CO1PR11MB4929namp_" --_000_CO1PR11MB49293F6F3656FC613FFAD0DCD2F92CO1PR11MB4929namp_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi Ray, I know this is an old topic, but I think I have a new idea that works for X= IP code. We can update loop to compare a volatile global to a volatile loc= al. This forces 2 reads and a comparison on every loop iteration. The loc= al variable can be set to 1 to exit the loop without modifying the global v= ariable. I tried this with VS2019 with max opt enabled and I was able to e= xit loop by setting Index to 1 in a debugger. diff --git a/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDeadLoop.c b/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/= CpuDeadLoop.c index b3b7548fa5..393c4290ed 100644 --- a/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDeadLoop.c +++ b/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDeadLoop.c @@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ #include #include +static volatile UINTN mDeadLoopComparator =3D 0;^M +^M /** Executes an infinite loop. @@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ CpuDeadLoop ( { volatile UINTN Index; - for (Index =3D 0; Index =3D=3D 0;) { + for (Index =3D mDeadLoopComparator; Index =3D=3D mDeadLoopComparator;) {= ^M CpuPause (); } } Mike From: Kinney, Michael D Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 7:19 AM To: Ni, Ray ; Andrew (EFI) Fish ; edk2-d= evel-groups-io ; Rebecca Cran ; He= rnandez Miramontes, Jose Miguel Cc: Kinney, Michael D Subject: RE: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Right. But if you break in with debugger, you can still skip over the jmp i= nstruction and continue. I agree XIP does not allow variable value to be updated, but we would never= want to do that or all future dead loops in non XIP code would not loop. Mike From: Ni, Ray > Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 1:31 AM To: Kinney, Michael D >; Andrew (EFI) Fish >; ed= k2-devel-groups-io >; Reb= ecca Cran >; Hernandez Miramont= es, Jose Miguel > Subject: Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Mike, This is not friendly for XIP code. With XIP code, the global variable is no= t able to be updated as it sits in read-only SPI flash. Thanks, Ray ________________________________ From: Kinney, Michael D > Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 11:37 AM To: Ni, Ray >; Andrew (EFI) Fish = >; edk2-devel-groups-io >; Rebecca Cran >; Hernandez Miramontes, Jose Miguel > Cc: Kinney, Michael D > Subject: RE: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Does using a static volatile global instead of a volatile local work? Mike From: Ni, Ray > Sent: Monday, October 30, 2023 7:52 PM To: Andrew (EFI) Fish >; edk2-devel= -groups-io >; Rebecca Cra= n >; Hernandez Miramontes, Jose= Miguel > Cc: Kinney, Michael D > Subject: Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler It's been a while. Is there any better solution? Can we go with assembly solution? Thanks, Ray ________________________________ From: Andrew (EFI) Fish > Sent: Saturday, May 20, 2023 12:31 AM To: edk2-devel-groups-io = >; Rebecca Cran > Cc: Ni, Ray >; Kinney, Michael D = > Subject: Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler I don't think the atomic is going to help. The compiler honored the volatil= e by doing a read, but assumed it would never change due to scoping. As you= can see in my example if the compiler thinks DeadLoopCount can be changed = it will put the check back in and assume the function can return. So an ass= embly function that does nothing called IncreaseScope() would fix this issue too. void IncreaseScope(int *ptr); void CpuDeadLoopFix(void) { volatile int DeadLoopCount =3D 0; while(DeadLoopCount =3D=3D 0) { IncreaseScope(&DeadLoopCount); } } void CpuDeadLoop(void) { volatile int DeadLoopCount =3D 0; while(DeadLoopCount =3D=3D 0); } Gives us: voltbl SEGMENT voltbl ENDS voltbl SEGMENT voltbl ENDS DeadLoopCount$ =3D 48 CpuDeadLoopFix PROC ; COMDAT $LN12: sub rsp, 40 ; 00000028H mov DWORD PTR DeadLoopCount$[rsp], 0 jmp SHORT $LN10@CpuDeadLoo $LL2@CpuDeadLoo: lea rcx, QWORD PTR DeadLoopCount$[rsp] call IncreaseScope $LN10@CpuDeadLoo: mov eax, DWORD PTR DeadLoopCount$[rsp] test eax, eax je SHORT $LL2@CpuDeadLoo add rsp, 40 ; 00000028H ret 0 CpuDeadLoopFix ENDP DeadLoopCount$ =3D 8 CpuDeadLoop PROC ; COMDAT mov DWORD PTR DeadLoopCount$[rsp], 0 $LL2@CpuDeadLoo: mov eax, DWORD PTR DeadLoopCount$[rsp] jmp SHORT $LL2@CpuDeadLoo CpuDeadLoop ENDP Compiler Explorer godbolt.org [cid:image001.png@01DAB6AA.1D74CB60] Thanks, Andrew Fish PS I'm still not 100% sure it is a compiler bug. Some times things like thi= s are due to the order the compiler applies the optimizations, and changing= the order can change the behavior. On May 19, 2023, at 8:31 AM, Rebecca Cran > wrote: Just to add more data, I also tried with "volatile sig_atomic_t" as someone= suggested and both "/volatile:iso" and "/volatile:ms" with no change in re= sults. -- Rebecca Cran On 5/18/23 20:53, Ni, Ray wrote: I think all the options we considered are workarounds. These might break ag= ain if compiler is "cleverer" in future. Unless some Cxx spec clearly guara= ntees that. I like Mike's idea to use assembly implementation for CpuDeadLoop. The asse= mbly can simply "jmp $" then "ret". I didn't find a dead-loop intrinsic function in MSVC. Any better idea? Thanks, Ray *From:* Andrew (EFI) Fish > *Sent:* Friday, May 19, 2023 8:42 AM *To:* devel@edk2.groups.io; Kinney, Michael D = > *Cc:* Ni, Ray >; Rebecca Cran > *Subject:* Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Mike, Sorry static was just to scope the name to the file since it is a lib, not = to make it work. That is a cool site. I learned about it complaining about stuff to the comp= iler team on our internal clang Slack channel as they use it to answer my q= uestions. Thanks, Andrew Fish On May 18, 2023, at 2:42 PM, Michael D Kinney > wrote: Using that tool, the following fragment seems to generate the right code. Volatile is required. Static is optional. staticvolatileint mDeadLoopCount =3D0; void CpuDeadLoop( void ) { while(mDeadLoopCount =3D=3D0); } GCC =3D=3D=3D CpuDeadLoop(): .L2: moveax,DWORDPTRmDeadLoopCount[rip] testeax,eax je.L2 ret CLANG =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D CpuDeadLoop():# @CpuDeadLoop() .LBB0_1: # =3D>This Inner Loop Header:Depth=3D1 cmpdwordptr[rip+_ZL14mDeadLoopCount],0 je.LBB0_1 ret Mike *From:*Andrew (EFI) Fish > *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 1:45 PM *To:*edk2-devel-groups-io >; Andrew Fish > *Cc:*Kinney, Michael D >; Ni, Ray >; Rebecca Cran > *Subject:*Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Whoops wrong compiler. Here is an update. I added the flags so this one reproduces the issue. Compiler Explorer godbolt.org Thanks, Andrew Fish On May 18, 2023, at 11:45 AM, Andrew Fish viagroups.io > wrote: Mike, This is a good way to play around with fixes, and to report bugs. You can see the assembler for different compilers with different flag. Compiler Explorer godbolt.org Sorry I'm traveling and in Cupertino with lots of meetings so I did not have time to adjust the compiler flags.... Thanks, Andrew Fish On May 18, 2023, at 10:24 AM, Andrew (EFI) Fish > wrote: Mike, I guess my other question... If this turns out to be a compiler bug should we scope the change to the broken toolchain. I'm not sure what the right answer is for that, but I want to ask the question? Thanks, Andrew Fish On May 18, 2023, at 10:19 AM, Michael D Kinney > wrote: Andrew, This might work for XIP. Set non const global to initial value that is expected value to stay in dead loop. UINTN mDeadLoopCount =3D 0; VOID CpuDeadLoop( VOID ) { while (mDeadLoopCount =3D=3D 0) { CpuPause(); } } When deadloop is entered, developer can not change value of mDeadLoopCount, but they can use debugger to force exit loop and return from function. Mike *From:*Andrew (EFI) Fish > *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 10:09 AM *To:*Kinney, Michael D > *Cc:*edk2-devel-groups-io >; Ni, Ray >; Rebecca Cra= n > *Subject:*Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Mike, Good point, that is why we are using the stack .... The only other thing I can think of is to pass the address of Index to some inline assembler, or an asm no op function, to give it a side effect the compiler can't resolve. Thanks, Andrew Fish On May 18, 2023, at 10:05 AM, Kinney, Michael D > wrote: Static global will not work for XIP Mike *From:*Andrew (EFI) Fish > *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 9:49 AM *To:*edk2-devel-groups-io >; Kinney, Michael D > *Cc:*Ni, Ray >= ; Rebecca Cran > *Subject:*Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Mike, I pinged some compiler experts to see if our code is correct, or if the compiler has an issue. Seems to be trending compiler issue right now, but I've NOT gotten feedback from anyone on the spec committee yet. If we move Index to a static global that would likely work around the compiler issue. Thanks, Andrew Fish On May 18, 2023, at 8:36 AM, Michael D Kinney > wrote: Hi Ray, So the code generated does deadloop, but is just not easy to resume from as we have been able to do in the past. We use CpuDeadloop() for 2 purposes. One is a terminal condition with no reason to ever continue. The 2^nd is a debug aide for developers to halt the system at a specific location and then continue from that point, usually with a debugger, to step through code to an area to evaluate unexpected behavior. We may have to do a NASM implementation of CpuDeadloop() to make sure it meets both use cases. Mike *From:*Ni, Ray > *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 3:00 AM *To:*devel@edk2.groups.io *Cc:*Kinney, Michael D >; Rebecca Cran >; Ni, R= ay > *Subject:*CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler Hi, Starting from certain version of Visual Studio C compiler (I don't have the exact version. I am using VS2019), CpuDeadLoop is now optimized quite well by compiler. The optimization is so "good" that it becomes harder for developers to break out of the deadloop. I copied the assembly instructions as below for your reference. The compiler does not generate instructions that jump out of the loop when the Index is not zero. So in order to break out of the loop, developers need to: 1. Manually adjust rsp by increasing 40 2. Manually "ret" I am not sure if anyone has interest to re-write this function so that compiler can be "fooled" again. Thanks, Ray =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D ; Function compile flags: /Ogspy ; File e:\work\edk2\MdePkg\Library\BaseLib\CpuDeadLoop.c ; COMDAT CpuDeadLoop _TEXT SEGMENT Index$ =3D 48 CpuDeadLoop PROC ; COMDAT ; 26 : { $LN12: 00000 48 83 ec 28 sub rsp, 40 ; 00000028H ; 27 : volatile UINTN Index; ; 28 : ; 29 : for (Index =3D 0; Index =3D=3D 0;) { 00004 48 c7 44 24 30 00 00 00 00 mov QWORD PTR Index$[rsp], 0 $LN10@CpuDeadLoo: ; 30 : CpuPause (); 0000d 48 8b 44 24 30 mov rax, QWORD PTR Index$[rsp] 00012 e8 00 00 00 00 call CpuPause 00017 eb f4 jmp SHORT $LN10@CpuDeadLoo CpuDeadLoop ENDP _TEXT ENDS END -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D- Groups.io Links: You receive all messages sent to this group. View/Reply Online (#119456): https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/message/119456 Mute This Topic: https://groups.io/mt/98987896/7686176 Group Owner: devel+owner@edk2.groups.io Unsubscribe: https://edk2.groups.io/g/devel/unsub [rebecca@openfw.io] -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D- --_000_CO1PR11MB49293F6F3656FC613FFAD0DCD2F92CO1PR11MB4929namp_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi Ray,

 

I know this is an old topic, but I think I have a new idea that works = for XIP code.  We can update loop to compare a volatile global to a vo= latile local.  This forces 2 reads and a comparison on every loop iteration.  The local variable can be set to 1 to exit = the loop without modifying the global variable.  I tried this with VS2= 019 with max opt enabled and I was able to exit loop by setting Index to 1 = in a debugger.

 

diff --git a/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDead= Loop.c b/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDeadLoop.c

index b3b7548fa5..393c4290ed 100644

--- a/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDeadLoop.c<= o:p>

+++ b/MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/CpuDeadLoop.c<= o:p>

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@

#include <Base.h>

#include <Library/BaseLib.h>

 

+static volatile UINTN  mDeadLoopCompa= rator =3D 0;^M

+^M

/**

   Executes an infinite loop.

 

@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ CpuDeadLoop (<= /span>

{

   volatile UINTN  Index;

 

-  for (Index =3D 0; Index =3D=3D 0;) = {

+  for (Index =3D mDeadLoopComparator;= Index =3D=3D mDeadLoopComparator;) {^M

     CpuPause ();<= /o:p>

   }

}

 

Mike

 

From: Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@= intel.com>
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 7:19 AM
To: Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com>; Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@ap= ple.com>; edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>; Rebecca Cra= n <rebecca@bsdio.com>; Hernandez Miramontes, Jose Miguel <jose.mig= uel.hernandez.miramontes@intel.com>
Cc: Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
Subject: RE: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler

 

Right. But if you break in with debugger, you can st= ill skip over the jmp instruction and continue.

 

I agree XIP does not allow variable value to be upda= ted, but we would never want to do that or all future dead loops in non XIP= code would not loop.

 

Mike

 

 

Mike,

This is not friendly for XIP code. With XIP code, the glob= al variable is not able to be updated as it sits in read-only SPI flash.

 

Thanks,

Ray

From: Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2023 11:37 AM
To: Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com= >; Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@ap= ple.com>; edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>; Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsdio.com>; Hernandez Miramontes, Jose Miguel <jose.miguel.hernandez.miramontes@intel.com>= ;
Cc: Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
Subject: RE: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler

 

Does using a static volatile global instead of a vo= latile local work?

 

Mike

 

From: Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com>
Sent: Monday, October 30, 2023 7:52 PM
To: Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@a= pple.com>; edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>; Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsdio.com>; Hernandez Miramontes, Jose Miguel <jose.miguel.hernandez.miramontes@intel.com>
Cc: Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
Subject: Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler

 

It's been a while.

 

Is there any better solution? Can we go with assembly sol= ution?

 

Thanks,

Ray

From: Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@apple.com>
Sent: Saturday, May 20, 2023 12:31 AM
To: edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>; Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsdio.com>
Cc: Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com= >; Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
Subject: Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler

 

I don’t think the atomic is going to help. Th= e compiler honored the volatile by doing a read, but assumed it would never= change due to scoping. As you can see in my example if the compiler thinks=  DeadLoopCount can be changed it will put the check back in and assume the function can retur= n. So an assembly function that does nothing called Increase= Scope()

 would fix this issue too. 

 

 

void<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black"> IncreaseS= cope(int *ptr);

 

 

void<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black"> CpuDeadLo= opFix(void) {

 

volatile

int DeadLoopCo= unt =3D = 0;=

 

while= (DeadLoop= Count =3D=3D

0<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black">) {=

 

IncreaseSco= pe(&DeadLoopCount);

 

}

 

}

 

 

void<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black"> CpuDeadLo= op(= void) {

 

volatile

int DeadLoopCo= unt =3D = 0;=

 

while= (DeadLoop= Count =3D=3D

0<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black">);<= o:p>

 

}

 

 

Gives us:

 

 

voltbl

SEGMENT

 

voltbl

ENDS<= o:p>

 

voltbl

SEGMENT

 

voltbl

ENDS<= o:p>

 

 

DeadLoopCoun= t$ =3D

48=

 

CpuDeadLoopF= ix PROC

; COMDAT

 

$LN12:

 

sub

rsp, = 40

; 00000028H=

 

mov

DWORD= PTR=

DeadLoopCoun= t$= [rsp],

0<= o:p>

 

jmp

SHORT= $LN= 10@CpuDeadLoo

 

$LL2@CpuDead= Loo:

 

lea

rcx, QWO= RD

PTR Dea= dLoopCount$[rsp]

 

call<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black">

IncreaseScop= e

 

$LN10@CpuDea= dLoo:

 

mov

eax, DWO= RD

PTR Dea= dLoopCount$[rsp]

 

test<= span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:black">

eax, = eax

 

je

SHORT= $LL= 2@CpuDeadLoo

 

add

rsp, = 40

; 00000028H=

 

ret

0<= o:p>

 

CpuDeadLoopF= ix ENDP

 

 

DeadLoopCoun= t$ =3D

8<= o:p>

 

CpuDeadLoop = PROC

; COMDAT

 

mov

DWORD= PTR=

DeadLoopCoun= t$= [rsp],

0<= o:p>

 

$LL2@CpuDead= Loo:

 

mov

eax, DWO= RD

PTR Dea= dLoopCount$[rsp]

 

jmp

SHORT= $LL= 2@CpuDeadLoo

 

CpuDeadLoop = ENDP

 

 

 

 

Thanks,

 

Andrew Fish

 

PS I’m still not 100% sure it is a compiler b= ug. Some times things like this are due to the order the compiler applies t= he optimizations, and changing the order can change the behavior. 

 

 

On May 19, 2023, at 8:31 AM, Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsdio.com> wrote:=

 

Just to add more d= ata, I also tried with "volatile sig_atomic_t" as someone suggest= ed and both "/volatile:iso" and "/volatile:ms" with no = change in results.


-- 

Rebecca Cran


On 5/18/23 20:53, Ni, Ray wrote:


I think all the options we considered are workarounds. These might break ag= ain if compiler is “cleverer” in future. Unless some Cxx spec c= learly guarantees that.

I like Mike’s idea to use assembly implementation for CpuDeadLoop. Th= e assembly can simply “jmp $” then “ret”.

I didn’t find a dead-loop intrinsic function in MSVC.

Any better idea?

Thanks,

Ray

*From:* Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@appl= e.com>
*Sent:* Friday, May 19, 2023 8:42 AM
*To:* devel@edk2.groups.io; Kin= ney, Michael D <michael.d.= kinney@intel.com>
*Cc:* Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com&= gt;; Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsdio.co= m>
*Subject:* Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler

Mike,

Sorry static was just to scope the name to the file since it is a lib, not = to make it work.

That is a cool site. I learned about it complaining about stuff to the comp= iler team on our internal clang Slack channel as they use it to answer my q= uestions.

Thanks,

Andrew Fish



   On May 18, 2023, at 2:42 PM, Michael D Kinney
   <michael= .d.kinney@intel.com> wrote:

   Using that tool, the following fragment seems to generate= the
   right code. Volatile is required.  Static is optiona= l.

   staticvolatileint mDeadLoopCount =3D0;

   void

   CpuDeadLoop(

   void

     )

   {

   while(mDeadLoopCount =3D=3D0);

   }

   GCC

   =3D=3D=3D

   CpuDeadLoop():

   .L2:

   moveax,DWORDPTRmDeadLoopCount[rip]

   testeax,eax

   je.L2

   ret

   CLANG

   =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

   CpuDeadLoop():# @CpuDeadLoop()

   .LBB0_1:              =            # =3D>This Inner Loop Header:D= epth=3D1

   cmpdwordptr[rip+_ZL14mDeadLoopCount],0

   je.LBB0_1

   ret

   Mike

   *From:*Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@apple.com>
   *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 1:45 PM
   *To:*edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>; Andrew Fish
   <afish@apple.com>
   *Cc:*Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>; Ni, Ray
   <ray.ni@intel.com<= /a>>; Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsdi= o.com>
   *Subject:*Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized by = compiler

   Whoops wrong compiler. Here is an update. I added the fla= gs so
   this one reproduces the issue.

   Compiler Explorer
   <https://godbolt.org/#z:OYLghAFBqd5QCxAYwPYBMCmBRdBLAF1QCcAaP= ECAMzwBtMA7AQwFtMQByARg9KtQYEAysib0QXACx8BBAKoBnTAAUAHpwAMvAFYTStJg1DIApACY= AQuYukl9ZATwDKjdAGFUtAK4sGIM6SuADJ4DJgAcj4ARpjEINIADqgKhE4MHt6%2B/qRJKY4CIW= GRLDFx0naYDmlCBEzEBBk%2BfgEVVQI1dQSFEdGx8ba19Y1ZLYNdoT0lfZIAlLaoXsTI7BwA9Ks= A1AAqAJ4JmBs7C8QbaFgbCLGYpBskG7SoTOgbhhuYqqwJ9AB0JhoAgqECBsFABHLx1TAQIEbBg%= 2BGYbEwAdisAI26I2xEwBEWDFhPg2ACp8SwTABmVH/ZEAEQ4c1onAArLw/BwtKRUJw3NZrCDjst= EWYyTxSARNHS5gBrECMjT6TiSFnijmcXgKEBysVsumkOCwJBoFgJOixciUQ3G%2BhxYBcMxcPh0= AixdUQKLKqKhOo7Tgiw1sQQAeQYtG92tIWBYhmA4jD%2BCxVQAbph1WH3pUvE6fbwgZgGWHaHgo= sQvR4sMqCMQ8Cws3MqAZgAoAGp4TAAdwD%2B1ZIv4ghEYnYUhkgkUKnUYd09oMRhQPMs%2BkL6s= gc1QCXyDBTAFoA2SNhvI0sEOTqQpJTsDJLMGrc5U1y4GO5PE09MEJsVSnpcqkBMM/PbP2vujfPp= 7VaNcOiGR8shA682gYcDxiKXo4hAsYfz0BQxkApCJDmBR%2BQHUUsRWHh6SZJUw05DhVAADgANg= 3WjJA2YBkGQDZbW%2BLgNggblLGsG5cEIO5zGFG4PCNE0ThErgZl4LUtDmCADVQCSrTNCALUklA= pxtSQNDlGhaCdYgXTdMMPWYYhQ19FT/QIIMQ2VCMoxjdk4xvPAkxTdk02QDNiOzQRc2VAsixLDA= VnZCsqxrPh6ybFt207LMh2EURxEHHt5CUNRlV0AIdJnPi51CxcIGXVc0k3bdd33ZBDzJY9T3PS9= bBg28IFcND7RfRCpmQnJki/dJIN/Qa8jSLD%2BvQ9rqlQ0aZvsMDMNfbCUM6bqBk6Kb3xk%2BZF= mWPQK0wALSI4ZlSFZdlKJo%2BjGNOHT2Mkb4NBe7jeKsOcNkEogpKFe0NnEy1YkFMkzFk0VxUUp= B8CoKh1KyvsMukLKR1y/MEHVSdMdhqgCD2dg5WITHsmJhRcfx/YNTOi6rt4SjqTwOGNmbNsQduh= imJYtiOK4hMFA2Dn7uQR6pBel65KhqUZTlPNFUu5VKLVbJ5IleUODMcjrtVSHtRmOYkxMtJ4iAA= >

   godbolt.org
   <https://godbolt.org/#z:OYLghAFBqd5QCxAYwPYBMCmBRdBLAF1QCcAaP= ECAMzwBtMA7AQwFtMQByARg9KtQYEAysib0QXACx8BBAKoBnTAAUAHpwAMvAFYTStJg1DIApACY= AQuYukl9ZATwDKjdAGFUtAK4sGIM6SuADJ4DJgAcj4ARpjEINIADqgKhE4MHt6%2B/qRJKY4CIW= GRLDFx0naYDmlCBEzEBBk%2BfgEVVQI1dQSFEdGx8ba19Y1ZLYNdoT0lfZIAlLaoXsTI7BwA9Ks= A1AAqAJ4JmBs7C8QbaFgbCLGYpBskG7SoTOgbhhuYqqwJ9AB0JhoAgqECBsFABHLx1TAQIEbBg%= 2BGYbEwAdisAI26I2xEwBEWDFhPg2ACp8SwTABmVH/ZEAEQ4c1onAArLw/BwtKRUJw3NZrCDjst= EWYyTxSARNHS5gBrECMjT6TiSFnijmcXgKEBysVsumkOCwJBoFgJOixciUQ3G%2BhxYBcMxcPh0= AixdUQKLKqKhOo7Tgiw1sQQAeQYtG92tIWBYhmA4jD%2BCxVQAbph1WH3pUvE6fbwgZgGWHaHgo= sQvR4sMqCMQ8Cws3MqAZgAoAGp4TAAdwD%2B1ZIv4ghEYnYUhkgkUKnUYd09oMRhQPMs%2BkL6s= gc1QCXyDBTAFoA2SNhvI0sEOTqQpJTsDJLMGrc5U1y4GO5PE09MEJsVSnpcqkBMM/PbP2vujfPp= 7VaNcOiGR8shA682gYcDxiKXo4hAsYfz0BQxkApCJDmBR%2BQHUUsRWHh6SZJUw05DhVAADgANg= 3WjJA2YBkGQDZbW%2BLgNggblLGsG5cEIO5zGFG4PCNE0ThErgZl4LUtDmCADVQCSrTNCALUklA= pxtSQNDlGhaCdYgXTdMMPWYYhQ19FT/QIIMQ2VCMoxjdk4xvPAkxTdk02QDNiOzQRc2VAsixLDA= VnZCsqxrPh6ybFt207LMh2EURxEHHt5CUNRlV0AIdJnPi51CxcIGXVc0k3bdd33ZBDzJY9T3PS9= bBg28IFcND7RfRCpmQnJki/dJIN/Qa8jSLD%2BvQ9rqlQ0aZvsMDMNfbCUM6bqBk6Kb3xk%2BZF= mWPQK0wALSI4ZlSFZdlKJo%2BjGNOHT2Mkb4NBe7jeKsOcNkEogpKFe0NnEy1YkFMkzFk0VxUUp= B8CoKh1KyvsMukLKR1y/MEHVSdMdhqgCD2dg5WITHsmJhRcfx/YNTOi6rt4SjqTwOGNmbNsQduh= imJYtiOK4hMFA2Dn7uQR6pBel65KhqUZTlPNFUu5VKLVbJ5IleUODMcjrtVSHtRmOYkxMtJ4iAA= >

   

   <image001.png>
   <https://godbolt.org/#z:OYLghAFBqd5QCxAYwPYBMCmBRdBLAF1QCcAaP= ECAMzwBtMA7AQwFtMQByARg9KtQYEAysib0QXACx8BBAKoBnTAAUAHpwAMvAFYTStJg1DIApACY= AQuYukl9ZATwDKjdAGFUtAK4sGIM6SuADJ4DJgAcj4ARpjEINIADqgKhE4MHt6%2B/qRJKY4CIW= GRLDFx0naYDmlCBEzEBBk%2BfgEVVQI1dQSFEdGx8ba19Y1ZLYNdoT0lfZIAlLaoXsTI7BwA9Ks= A1AAqAJ4JmBs7C8QbaFgbCLGYpBskG7SoTOgbhhuYqqwJ9AB0JhoAgqECBsFABHLx1TAQIEbBg%= 2BGYbEwAdisAI26I2xEwBEWDFhPg2ACp8SwTABmVH/ZEAEQ4c1onAArLw/BwtKRUJw3NZrCDjst= EWYyTxSARNHS5gBrECMjT6TiSFnijmcXgKEBysVsumkOCwJBoFgJOixciUQ3G%2BhxYBcMxcPh0= AixdUQKLKqKhOo7Tgiw1sQQAeQYtG92tIWBYhmA4jD%2BCxVQAbph1WH3pUvE6fbwgZgGWHaHgo= sQvR4sMqCMQ8Cws3MqAZgAoAGp4TAAdwD%2B1ZIv4ghEYnYUhkgkUKnUYd09oMRhQPMs%2BkL6s= gc1QCXyDBTAFoA2SNhvI0sEOTqQpJTsDJLMGrc5U1y4GO5PE09MEJsVSnpcqkBMM/PbP2vujfPp= 7VaNcOiGR8shA682gYcDxiKXo4hAsYfz0BQxkApCJDmBR%2BQHUUsRWHh6SZJUw05DhVAADgANg= 3WjJA2YBkGQDZbW%2BLgNggblLGsG5cEIO5zGFG4PCNE0ThErgZl4LUtDmCADVQCSrTNCALUklA= pxtSQNDlGhaCdYgXTdMMPWYYhQ19FT/QIIMQ2VCMoxjdk4xvPAkxTdk02QDNiOzQRc2VAsixLDA= VnZCsqxrPh6ybFt207LMh2EURxEHHt5CUNRlV0AIdJnPi51CxcIGXVc0k3bdd33ZBDzJY9T3PS9= bBg28IFcND7RfRCpmQnJki/dJIN/Qa8jSLD%2BvQ9rqlQ0aZvsMDMNfbCUM6bqBk6Kb3xk%2BZF= mWPQK0wALSI4ZlSFZdlKJo%2BjGNOHT2Mkb4NBe7jeKsOcNkEogpKFe0NnEy1YkFMkzFk0VxUUp= B8CoKh1KyvsMukLKR1y/MEHVSdMdhqgCD2dg5WITHsmJhRcfx/YNTOi6rt4SjqTwOGNmbNsQduh= imJYtiOK4hMFA2Dn7uQR6pBel65KhqUZTlPNFUu5VKLVbJ5IleUODMcjrtVSHtRmOYkxMtJ4iAA= >

   Thanks,

   Andrew Fish




       On May 18, 2023, at 11:45 AM, And= rew Fish viagroups.io
       <http://groups.io/><afish=3Dapple.com@groups.io> wrote:

       Mike,

       This is a good way to play around= with fixes, and to report
       bugs. You can see the assembler f= or different compilers with
       different flag.

       Compiler Explorer
       <https://godbolt.org/#z:OYLghAFBqd5QC= xAYwPYBMCmBRdBLAF1QCcAaPECAMzwBtMA7AQwFtMQByARg9KtQYEAysib0QXACx8BBAKoBnTAA= UAHpwAMvAFYTStJg1DIApACYAQuYukl9ZATwDKjdAGFUtAK4sGIM6SuADJ4DJgAcj4ARpjEINIA= DqgKhE4MHt6%2B/qRJKY4CIWGRLDFx0naYDmlCBEzEBBk%2BfgEVVQI1dQSFEdGx8ba19Y1ZLYN= doT0lfZIAlLaoXsTI7BwA9KsA1AAqAJ4JmBs7C8QbaFgbCLGYpBskG7SoTOgbhhuYqqwJ9AB0Jh= oAgqECBsFABHLx1TAQIEbBg%2BGYbEwAdisAI26I2xEwBEWDFhPg2ACp8SwTABmVH/ZEAEQ4c1o= nAArLw/BwtKRUJw3NZrCDjstEWYyTxSARNHS5gBrECMjT6TiSFnijmcXgKEBysVsumkOCwJBoFg= JOixciUQ3G%2BhxYBcMxcPh0AixdUQKLKqKhOo7Tgiw1sQQAeQYtG92tIWBYhmA4jD%2BCxVQAb= ph1WH3pUvE6fbwgZgGWHaHgosQvR4sMqCMQ8Cws3MqAZgAoAGp4TAAdwD%2B1ZIv4ghEYnYUhkg= kUKnUYd09oMRhQPMs%2BkL6sgc1QCXyDBTAFoA2SNhvI0sEOTqQpJTsDJLMGrc5U1y4GO5PE09M= EJsVSnpcqkBMM/PbP2vujfPp7VaNcOiGR8shA682gYcDxiKXo4hAsYfz0BQxkApCJDmBR%2BQHU= UsRWHh6SZJUw05DhVAADgANg3WjJA2YBkGQDZbW%2BLgNggblLGsG5cEIO5zGFG4PCNE0ThErgZ= l4LUtDmCADVQCSrTNCALUklApxtSQNDlGhaCdYgXTdMMPWYYhQ19FT/QIIMQ2VCMoxjdk4xvPAk= xTdk02QDNiOzQRc2VAsixLDAVnZCsqxrPh6ybFt207LMh2EURxEHHt5CUNRlV0AIdJnPi51CxcI= GXVc0k3bdd33ZBDzJY9T3PS9bBg28IFcND7RfRCpmQnJki/dJIN/Qa8jSLD%2BvQ9rqlQ0aZvsM= DMNfbCUM6bqBk6Kb3xk%2BZFmWPQK0wALSI4ZlSFZdlKJo%2BjGNOHT2Mkb4NBe7jeKsOcNkEog= pKFe0NnEy1YkFMkzFk0VxUUpB8CoKh1KyvsMukLKR1y/MEHVSdMdhqgCD2dg5WITHsmJhRcfx/Y= NTOi6rt4SjqTwOGNmbNsQduhimJYtiOK4hMFA2Dn7uQR6pBel65KhqUZTlPNFUu5VKLVbJ5IleU= ODMcjrtVSHtRmOYkxMtJ4iAA>

       g= odbolt.org
       <https://godbolt.org/#z:OYLghAFBqd5QC= xAYwPYBMCmBRdBLAF1QCcAaPECAMzwBtMA7AQwFtMQByARg9KtQYEAysib0QXACx8BBAKoBnTAA= UAHpwAMvAFYTStJg1DIApACYAQuYukl9ZATwDKjdAGFUtAK4sGIM6SuADJ4DJgAcj4ARpjEINIA= DqgKhE4MHt6%2B/qRJKY4CIWGRLDFx0naYDmlCBEzEBBk%2BfgEVVQI1dQSFEdGx8ba19Y1ZLYN= doT0lfZIAlLaoXsTI7BwA9KsA1AAqAJ4JmBs7C8QbaFgbCLGYpBskG7SoTOgbhhuYqqwJ9AB0Jh= oAgqECBsFABHLx1TAQIEbBg%2BGYbEwAdisAI26I2xEwBEWDFhPg2ACp8SwTABmVH/ZEAEQ4c1o= nAArLw/BwtKRUJw3NZrCDjstEWYyTxSARNHS5gBrECMjT6TiSFnijmcXgKEBysVsumkOCwJBoFg= JOixciUQ3G%2BhxYBcMxcPh0AixdUQKLKqKhOo7Tgiw1sQQAeQYtG92tIWBYhmA4jD%2BCxVQAb= ph1WH3pUvE6fbwgZgGWHaHgosQvR4sMqCMQ8Cws3MqAZgAoAGp4TAAdwD%2B1ZIv4ghEYnYUhkg= kUKnUYd09oMRhQPMs%2BkL6sgc1QCXyDBTAFoA2SNhvI0sEOTqQpJTsDJLMGrc5U1y4GO5PE09M= EJsVSnpcqkBMM/PbP2vujfPp7VaNcOiGR8shA682gYcDxiKXo4hAsYfz0BQxkApCJDmBR%2BQHU= UsRWHh6SZJUw05DhVAADgANg3WjJA2YBkGQDZbW%2BLgNggblLGsG5cEIO5zGFG4PCNE0ThErgZ= l4LUtDmCADVQCSrTNCALUklApxtSQNDlGhaCdYgXTdMMPWYYhQ19FT/QIIMQ2VCMoxjdk4xvPAk= xTdk02QDNiOzQRc2VAsixLDAVnZCsqxrPh6ybFt207LMh2EURxEHHt5CUNRlV0AIdJnPi51CxcI= GXVc0k3bdd33ZBDzJY9T3PS9bBg28IFcND7RfRCpmQnJki/dJIN/Qa8jSLD%2BvQ9rqlQ0aZvsM= DMNfbCUM6bqBk6Kb3xk%2BZFmWPQK0wALSI4ZlSFZdlKJo%2BjGNOHT2Mkb4NBe7jeKsOcNkEog= pKFe0NnEy1YkFMkzFk0VxUUpB8CoKh1KyvsMukLKR1y/MEHVSdMdhqgCD2dg5WITHsmJhRcfx/Y= NTOi6rt4SjqTwOGNmbNsQduhimJYtiOK4hMFA2Dn7uQR6pBel65KhqUZTlPNFUu5VKLVbJ5IleU= ODMcjrtVSHtRmOYkxMtJ4iAA>

       =

       <favicon.png>
       <https://godbolt.org/#z:OYLghAFBqd5QC= xAYwPYBMCmBRdBLAF1QCcAaPECAMzwBtMA7AQwFtMQByARg9KtQYEAysib0QXACx8BBAKoBnTAA= UAHpwAMvAFYTStJg1DIApACYAQuYukl9ZATwDKjdAGFUtAK4sGIM6SuADJ4DJgAcj4ARpjEINIA= DqgKhE4MHt6%2B/qRJKY4CIWGRLDFx0naYDmlCBEzEBBk%2BfgEVVQI1dQSFEdGx8ba19Y1ZLYN= doT0lfZIAlLaoXsTI7BwA9KsA1AAqAJ4JmBs7C8QbaFgbCLGYpBskG7SoTOgbhhuYqqwJ9AB0Jh= oAgqECBsFABHLx1TAQIEbBg%2BGYbEwAdisAI26I2xEwBEWDFhPg2ACp8SwTABmVH/ZEAEQ4c1o= nAArLw/BwtKRUJw3NZrCDjstEWYyTxSARNHS5gBrECMjT6TiSFnijmcXgKEBysVsumkOCwJBoFg= JOixciUQ3G%2BhxYBcMxcPh0AixdUQKLKqKhOo7Tgiw1sQQAeQYtG92tIWBYhmA4jD%2BCxVQAb= ph1WH3pUvE6fbwgZgGWHaHgosQvR4sMqCMQ8Cws3MqAZgAoAGp4TAAdwD%2B1ZIv4ghEYnYUhkg= kUKnUYd09oMRhQPMs%2BkL6sgc1QCXyDBTAFoA2SNhvI0sEOTqQpJTsDJLMGrc5U1y4GO5PE09M= EJsVSnpcqkBMM/PbP2vujfPp7VaNcOiGR8shA682gYcDxiKXo4hAsYfz0BQxkApCJDmBR%2BQHU= UsRWHh6SZJUw05DhVAADgANg3WjJA2YBkGQDZbW%2BLgNggblLGsG5cEIO5zGFG4PCNE0ThErgZ= l4LUtDmCADVQCSrTNCALUklApxtSQNDlGhaCdYgXTdMMPWYYhQ19FT/QIIMQ2VCMoxjdk4xvPAk= xTdk02QDNiOzQRc2VAsixLDAVnZCsqxrPh6ybFt207LMh2EURxEHHt5CUNRlV0AIdJnPi51CxcI= GXVc0k3bdd33ZBDzJY9T3PS9bBg28IFcND7RfRCpmQnJki/dJIN/Qa8jSLD%2BvQ9rqlQ0aZvsM= DMNfbCUM6bqBk6Kb3xk%2BZFmWPQK0wALSI4ZlSFZdlKJo%2BjGNOHT2Mkb4NBe7jeKsOcNkEog= pKFe0NnEy1YkFMkzFk0VxUUpB8CoKh1KyvsMukLKR1y/MEHVSdMdhqgCD2dg5WITHsmJhRcfx/Y= NTOi6rt4SjqTwOGNmbNsQduhimJYtiOK4hMFA2Dn7uQR6pBel65KhqUZTlPNFUu5VKLVbJ5IleU= ODMcjrtVSHtRmOYkxMtJ4iAA>

       Sorry I’m traveling and in = Cupertino with lots of meetings so
       I did not have time to adjust the= compiler flags….

       Thanks,

       Andrew Fish




           On May 18= , 2023, at 10:24 AM, Andrew (EFI) Fish
           <afish@apple.com> wrote:

           Mike,

           I guess m= y other question… If this turns out to be a
           compiler = bug should we scope the change to the broken
           toolchain= . I’m not sure what the right answer is for that,
           but I wan= t to ask the question?

           Thanks,
           Andrew Fi= sh




            &nb= sp;  On May 18, 2023, at 10:19 AM, Michael D Kinney
            &nb= sp;  <michael.d.= kinney@intel.com> wrote:

            &nb= sp;  Andrew,

            &nb= sp;  This might work for XIP.  Set non const global to
            &nb= sp;  initial value that is expected value to stay in dead loop.
            &nb= sp;  UINTN  mDeadLoopCount =3D 0;

            &nb= sp;  VOID

            &nb= sp;  CpuDeadLoop(

            &nb= sp;  VOID

            &nb= sp;  )

            &nb= sp;  {

            &nb= sp;  while (mDeadLoopCount =3D=3D 0) {

            &nb= sp;      CpuPause();

            &nb= sp;  }

            &nb= sp;  }

            &nb= sp;  When deadloop is entered, developer can not change
            &nb= sp;  value of mDeadLoopCount, but they can use debugger to
            &nb= sp;  force exit loop and return from function.

            &nb= sp;  Mike

            &nb= sp;  *From:*Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@apple.com>
            &nb= sp;  *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 10:09 AM
            &nb= sp;  *To:*Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
            &nb= sp;  *Cc:*edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>; Ni,
            &nb= sp;  Ray <ray.ni@intel.com= >; Rebecca Cran <rebecca@bsd= io.com>
            &nb= sp;  *Subject:*Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLoop() is optimized
            &nb= sp;  by compiler

            &nb= sp;  Mike,

            &nb= sp;  Good point, that is why we are using the stack ….

            &nb= sp;  The only other thing I can think of is to pass the
            &nb= sp;  address of Index to some inline assembler, or an asm
            &nb= sp;  no op function, to give it a side effect the compiler
            &nb= sp;  can’t resolve.

            &nb= sp;  Thanks,

            &nb= sp;  Andrew Fish





            &nb= sp;      On May 18, 2023, at 10:05 AM, Kinney= , Michael D
            &nb= sp;      <michael.d.kinney@intel.com> wrote:

            &nb= sp;      Static global will not work for XIP<= br>
            &nb= sp;      Mike

            &nb= sp;      *From:*Andrew (EFI) Fish <afish@apple.com>
            &nb= sp;      *Sent:*Thursday, May 18, 2023 9:49 A= M
            &nb= sp;      *To:*edk2-devel-groups-io <devel@edk2.groups.io>;
            &nb= sp;      Kinney, Michael D <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>
            &nb= sp;      *Cc:*Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com>; Rebecca Cran
            &nb= sp;      <rebecca@bsdio.com>
            &nb= sp;      *Subject:*Re: [edk2-devel] CpuDeadLo= op() is
            &nb= sp;      optimized by compiler

            &nb= sp;      Mike,

            &nb= sp;      I pinged some compiler experts to se= e if our code
            &nb= sp;      is correct, or if the compiler has a= n issue. Seems
            &nb= sp;      to be trending compiler issue right = now, but I’ve
            &nb= sp;      NOT gotten feedback from anyone on t= he spec
            &nb= sp;      committee yet.

            &nb= sp;      If we move Index to a static global = that would
            &nb= sp;      likely work around the compiler issu= e.

            &nb= sp;      Thanks,

            &nb= sp;      Andrew Fish






            &nb= sp;          On May 18, 2= 023, at 8:36 AM, Michael D Kinney
            &nb= sp;          <michael.d.kinney@intel.com> w= rote:

            &nb= sp;          Hi Ray,

            &nb= sp;          So the code = generated does deadloop, but is
            &nb= sp;          just not eas= y to resume from as we have been
            &nb= sp;          able to do i= n the past.

            &nb= sp;          We use CpuDe= adloop() for 2 purposes.  One is a
            &nb= sp;          terminal con= dition with no reason to ever
            &nb= sp;          continue.
            &nb= sp;          The 2^nd is = a debug aide for developers to
            &nb= sp;          halt the sys= tem at a specific location and
            &nb= sp;          then continu= e from that point, usually with a
            &nb= sp;          debugger, to= step through code to an area to
            &nb= sp;          evaluate une= xpected behavior.

            &nb= sp;          We may have = to do a NASM implementation of
            &nb= sp;          CpuDeadloop(= ) to make sure it meets both use
            &nb= sp;          cases.

            &nb= sp;          Mike

            &nb= sp;          *From:*Ni, R= ay <ray.ni@intel.com>
            &nb= sp;          *Sent:*Thurs= day, May 18, 2023 3:00 AM
            &nb= sp;          *To:*devel@edk2.groups.io
            &nb= sp;          *Cc:*Kinney,= Michael D
            &nb= sp;          <michael.d.kinney@intel.com>; = Rebecca Cran
            &nb= sp;          <rebecca@bsdio.com>; Ni, Ray <ray.ni@intel.com>
            &nb= sp;          *Subject:*Cp= uDeadLoop() is optimized by compiler

            &nb= sp;          Hi,

            &nb= sp;          Starting fro= m certain version of Visual Studio
            &nb= sp;          C compiler (= I don’t have the exact version. I
            &nb= sp;          am using VS2= 019), CpuDeadLoop is now optimized
            &nb= sp;          quite well b= y compiler.

            &nb= sp;          The optimiza= tion is so “good” that it becomes
            &nb= sp;          harder for d= evelopers to break out of the
            &nb= sp;          deadloop.
            &nb= sp;          I copied the= assembly instructions as below
            &nb= sp;          for your ref= erence.

            &nb= sp;          The compiler= does not generate instructions
            &nb= sp;          that jump ou= t of the loop when the Index is
            &nb= sp;          not zero.
            &nb= sp;          So in order = to break out of the loop,
            &nb= sp;          developers n= eed to:

            &nb= sp;           1. Man= ually adjust rsp by increasing 40
            &nb= sp;           2. Man= ually “ret”

            &nb= sp;          I am not sur= e if anyone has interest to
            &nb= sp;          re-write thi= s function so that compiler can be
            &nb= sp;          “foole= d” again.

            &nb= sp;          Thanks,
            &nb= sp;          Ray

            &nb= sp;          =3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

            &nb= sp;          ; Function c= ompile flags: /Ogspy

            &nb= sp;          ; File
            &nb= sp;          e:\work\edk2= \MdePkg\Library\BaseLib\CpuDeadLoop.c

            &nb= sp;          ; COMDAT Cpu= DeadLoop

            &nb= sp;          _TEXT SEGMEN= T

            &nb= sp;          Index$ =3D 4= 8

            &nb= sp;          CpuDeadLoop = PROC ; COMDAT

            &nb= sp;          ; 26 &n= bsp; : {

            &nb= sp;          $LN12:

            &nb= sp;          00000  = 48 83 ec 28 sub rsp, 40 ; 00000028H

            &nb= sp;          ; 27 &n= bsp; : volatile UINTN  Index;

            &nb= sp;          ; 28 &n= bsp; :

            &nb= sp;          ; 29 &n= bsp; :   for (Index =3D 0; Index =3D=3D 0;) {

            &nb= sp;          00004  = 48 c7 44 24 30

            &nb= sp;          00 00 00 00 = mov      QWORD PTR Index$[rsp], 0

            &nb= sp;          $LN10@CpuDea= dLoo:

            &nb= sp;          ; 30 &n= bsp; : CpuPause ();

            &nb= sp;          0000d  = 48 8b 44 24 30 mov      rax, QWORD PTR
            &nb= sp;          Index$[rsp]<= br>
            &nb= sp;          00012  = e8 00 00 00 00 call CpuPause

            &nb= sp;          00017  = eb f4 jmp SHORT $LN10@CpuDeadLoo

            &nb= sp;          CpuDeadLoop = ENDP

            &nb= sp;          _TEXT ENDS
            &nb= sp;          END

   



 

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